// Exercise 4.2.39 (Solution published at http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/)
package algs42;
import stdlib.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import algs13.Stack;
import algs35.SET;
/* ***********************************************************************
 *  Compilation:  javac WebCrawler.java In.java
 *  Execution:    java WebCrawler url
 *
 *  Downloads the web page and prints out all urls on the web page.
 *  Gives an idea of how Google's spider crawls the web. Instead of
 *  looking for hyperlinks, we just look for patterns of the form:
 *  http:// followed by an alternating sequence of alphanumeric
 *  characters and dots, ending with a sequence of alphanumeric
 *  characters.
 *
 *  % java WebCrawler http://www.slashdot.org
 *  http://www.slashdot.org
 *  http://www.osdn.com
 *  http://sf.net
 *  http://thinkgeek.com
 *  http://freshmeat.net
 *  http://newsletters.osdn.com
 *  http://slashdot.org
 *  http://osdn.com
 *  http://ads.osdn.com
 *  http://sourceforge.net
 *  http://www.msnbc.msn.com
 *  http://www.rhythmbox.org
 *  http://www.apple.com
 *  ...
 *
 *  % java WebCrawler http://www.cs.princeton.edu
 *  http://www.cs.princeton.edu
 *  http://www.w3.org
 *  http://maps.yahoo.com
 *  http://www.princeton.edu
 *  http://www.Princeton.EDU
 *  http://ncstrl.cs.Princeton.EDU
 *  http://www.genomics.princeton.edu
 *  http://www.math.princeton.edu
 *  http://libweb.Princeton.EDU
 *  http://libweb2.princeton.edu
 *  http://www.acm.org
 *  ...
 *
 *
 *  Instead of setting the system property in the code, you could do it
 *  from the commandline
 *  % java -Dsun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout=250 YYWebCrawler http://www.cs.princeton.edu

 *
 *************************************************************************/

public class XWebCrawlerDFS {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //args = new String[] { "http://www.slashdot.org" };
    //args = new String[] { "http://www.cdm.depaul.edu" };
    args = new String[] { "http://fpl.cs.depaul.edu/jriely" };

    // timeout connection after 500 miliseconds
    System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "500");
    System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout",    "1000");

    // initial web page
    String s = args[0];

    // list of web pages to be examined
    Stack<String> queue = new Stack<>();
    queue.push(s);

    // set of examined web pages
    SET<String> marked = new SET<>();
    marked.add(s);

    // breadth first search crawl of web
    while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
      String v = queue.pop();
      StdOut.println(v);

      In in = new In(v);

      // only needed in case website does not respond
      if (!in.exists()) continue;

      String input = in.readAll();
      if (input == null) continue;


      /* ***********************************************************
       *  Find links of the form: http://xxx.yyy.zzz
       *  \\w+ for one or more alpha-numeric characters
       *  \\. for dot
       *  could take first two statements out of loop
       *************************************************************/
      String regexp = "http://(\\w+\\.)+(\\w+)";
      Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regexp);
      Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(input);

      // find and print all matches
      while (matcher.find()) {
        String w = matcher.group();
        if (!marked.contains(w)) {
          queue.push(w);
          marked.add(w);
        }
      }

    }
  }
}